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Michael Norman Manley (December 10, 1924 – March 6, 1997) was the fifth Prime Minister of Jamaica (1972 – 1980, 1989 – 1992). Every game in the book was used to undermine his elected government: U.S.eEmbassy financing of opposition civil society, media heads working together to undermine his government, IFI/loan destabilization, breakdown of security into use of gangs, et cetera. See: The film "Life and Debt"